High-speed printing telegraph



Jan. 3 1933.

mfilw H. CHIREIX ET AL HIGH SPEED PRINTING TELEGRAPH Filed July 18. 1929 4' Sheets-Sheet 1 r (we mam m e m mm m e 09 M #6124 -INVENTORS HENRI CHIREIX HUGUES GOUDET YTTO RNE J 1933. H. CHIREIX ET AL I'll GB SPEED PRINTING TELEGRAPH Filed July -18. 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 I nn H "H" t L 1 I II H" II t L b7 INVENTORS HENRI cmREIX BY HUGUES GOU ET unm ATTORNEY Jan. 3, 1933. c R ET AL I 1,893,158

HIGH SPEED PRINTING TELEGRAPH INVENTORS HENRI CHlRElX uusui s eouoa'r ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 3, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HIGH-SPEED PRINTING TELEGRAPH Application fled July 18, 1929, Ser al No. 879,095, and in France July 28, 1928.

When received, these two musical frequencies making up the combination note act upon 4 tuned or resonant relays or upon tuned cir- 13 cuits followed by ordinary relays, and this results in the closing or making and flow of two local currents.

These two currents act simultaneously upon a selector of the type consisting of a special galvanometer having a moving tem disposed along several axes carrying as an indication means a light film upon which I are photographed (once forever) all of the letters or signs to be reproduced. These two local currents cause displacement of the film along or in the direction of two er endicular axes so as to place in the pat o a fixed luminous pencil the particular letter of the panel which corresponds to the combination so of the two currents. The lightpencil carrying the letter is thereupon directed upon a photographic emulsion which it impresses and which is unreeled in a manner so as to receive the impression of the letters successively transmitted.

These fundamental arrangements are associated with a system whose essential characteristics are as follows:

Assuming that the transmission of capital letters, lower-case letters ciphers, punctuation signs and the like requires a total number of characters close to 100, provision should be made for the availability of twenty frequencies (furnished, for exari1ple, by means of small alternators); These frequencies are divided into two groups A and B,

the number of differentcombinations of pairs of frequencies being obtained by combining each of the frequencies of group A with each of the frequencies COIXIPI'ISGd' in group B.

It would be possible, for instance, to provide 100 combinations of the groups A and B comprising each ten frequencies or a total number of twenty frequencies; or else 96- combinations if of the groups A and B one contains eight frequencies and the other one twelve making also a total of twenty.

The telegrams to be dispatched are divided among as many operators as are re uired in order to insure the working spee that is desired. Each of these operators has a perforator to. transform each of the letters of the'text to be transmitted in the shape of perforations produced in a tape of paper or equivalent means. The perforation corresponding to a given letter is effected by two of =the punchers of the assembly of twenty punches referably disposed checkerboardfashion, t e position of these twopunches in the assembly characterizing the letter. The tape comprises furthermore one or two uninterrupted rows of holes for its conveyance.

The different bands are. thereupon fed simultaneously to a distributor device the purpose of which is to cause upon each passage of a letter consisting of two perforations a transmission of line current peculiar toor characterizing the letter in question, the said device being arranged in such a way that between two consecutive letters of one and the same tape, it insures the transmission of a letter of each of the tapes of the other operators. For this object, the tapes are g ven an intermittent movement (just like a moving-picture film) in such a way that the two 35 rforations corres onding to a letter are Brought to a sto or a brief instant above twenty pistons isposed checkerboard-fashion just like the punching means of the perforators and each thereof being separately connected with one of the twenty alternators of musical fre uency. A striker (plunger) electromagnet t en is caused to bring its mobile part connected with the line to bear upon the paper. The two pistons positioned opposite the two perforations of the tape are thus made to close the circuit of the two alternators in question so as to connect it with the line, as can be readily understood, one thereof pertaining to group A and the other one to oup B, return of the current being either y way of the other line wire or else through 1 the ground. I

This assembly (excepting the alternators) is provided as many times as there are simultaneous tapes, in other words, operators, and the electromagnets are successively operated by the agency of a distributor whee revolving in synchronism with the sending distributor.

The advantages flowing from the said method of operation are as follows The operators are not compelled to maintain any definiterhythm or rate or regularity in unching.

1? check or control document is kept at the sendin end in the form of the perforated tape. e message can be repeated at any desired instant. It is even possible to repeat the tapes systematically two or three times in the followin manner:

I If the distri utor is designed for twelve tapes and twelve operators, then there will be twelve paths (routes) ofconveyance. The tape which has left path No. 1- will be directed to aths Nos. 2 and 3, the tape having left path 0. 4 will be directed over paths Nos. 5 and 6, and so forth. Only four operators will be necessary instead of a dozen, and three-fold transmission is assured of each of the tapes.

At the recelving end, twenty relays of the resonant type are provided corresponding to the sending'frequencies, distributed into two two groups A and B. As has already been set forth, each letter will cause the closure of the corresponding relay in group A and of the corresponding relay of. oup B. I

In a preferred form 0 construction of the invention, the relays of each group control the multiple taps of the secondary of a transformer whose middle is. united with the fine winding of the type-selector galvanometer, while the other end of the winding is associated through relays with the multiple taps of the transformer. Just as there are two groups" of relays, there are also two transformers and two gplvanometer windings. The primaries of t ese two transformers'finally are fed from an alternator which works also permanently upon a third fixed windin of the alvanometer. These three fixed windings o the galvanometer are disposed in three planes at right angles to one another and they present the same time-con stant so as to preclude the production of rotating fields. The rotor carrying the mobile film consists only of two short-circuited orthogonal turns mounted upon a single pivot 7 so as to obtain the equivalent of a cardan or universal joint. If none of the resonant relays is closed, the mobile system will be subjected-only to the fixed field of the winding fed in a permanent manner, the short-circu'ited turns will always assume the position of zero cut flux, and this is a position of stable ecpllilibrium. If a relay of group A and anot er one of the grou B are closed, the general resultant of the eld assumes a more or less large angle of inclination in relation to the original position under the action of the perpendicular fields of the two othercoils or windings controlled by the relays of groups -A and The moving system follows and responds to these shifts, and the short-circuitedturns will be repelled until the flux which is cut will be of zero value. 7

Finally, in the neighborhood of the ivot, a lens and a prism, both stationary, col ect a pencil of light and project the same upon the travelling film bearing the characters.

As has been explained, if grou A comprises eight relays andthe group l3 twelve, there will be obtainable 96 different positions of balance, and hence 96 characters may be provided upon the mobile film.

Since the successive letters transmitted pertain to different tapes and originate therefore from different telegrams, it will be necessary to direct the light pencil after having passed through the mobile film succesively upon different bands of photographic paper. For this purpose there "are preferably rovided small mirrors having an angle 0 inclination'of 45 degrees in reference to the luminous pencil and disposed helix-fashion upon a drum rotating in s nchronisin with the distributor. Since the s aft of this drum is disposed parallel tothe luminous pencil, it will be seen that the different mirrors will intercept the pencil more orless forwards along its path, and reflect it at ri ht angles upon the photographic tapes whic are also I posslble to insure intermittent conveyance of the recording. surface and of the mirrors changing the path ofvthe light pencil, in such a way that the surface and the pencil will be 7 stationaryat the instant when an impression of the image is produced.

The adoption of a hi h-speed telegraph system based uponv the ore oing premises presents a certain number 0 merits which shall hereinafter be enumerated:

(1) For a speed of 600 words per minute,-

the time interval corresponding toa letter willbe roughly 1/60th 0 one second so that the sending time may be one-hundredth of- ,one second, and this is relatively rather long.

(2) Calculation shows that a constant separation between the frequencies only of 60 to 1(f)0 cycles per second is adequate, at this rate 0 eratlon of the relays responsive to nei hboring frequencies, it would be permissi le to (1. Hence, to prevent inopportune op;

choose the twenty frequencies inside the, range of 500 to 2000 or 2500 cycles per second, for instance. Ordinary telephone lines would be entirely suited for such transmission. Calculation furthermore shows that these frequencies should be chosen or spaced apart according to an arithmetic law.

(3) In the case of radio telegraphy, the interference of stray and atmospherics would be greatly diminished on account of the fact that resonance or selectance can be pushed to any desired degree. It may, as to the rest, be mentioned that so far as the Morse or Baudot code is concerned, an appreciable saving in the number of transmitted signals is obtained since a letter requires only a single signal.

(4) Within the operating limit of the relays at the receiving end the amplitude of the signals is immaterial, for the displace ments of the galvanometer at the receiving end is independent of this amplitude.

(5) If one of the relays at the receiving station should fail to respond or operate, for instance, as a consequence of what is known as fading, in the case of radio telegraphy, it will be seen that one movement of the moving system of the relay will be skipped. Hence, it would be possible to trace two orthogonal black lines on the film cros's'ng in the middle, and these lines would indicate the positions of equilibrium in case one of the groups of frequency should fail. In this way, the absence of one of the frequencies or of both would result merely in a blank, while under no condition would a wrong letter be produced.

(6) In the case of strong atmospher'cs in the operation of radio telegraphy, the speed of transmission could be reduced by rotating the distributor at a lower rate' and by dimin ishing the damping of the resonant relays. As the latter consists preferably of a tuned circuit followed by an ordinary type of relay, it will, for instance, be sufiicient to remove or cut out a damper resistance connected in the circuit. In this way, also the time re uired for the current to flow, the

tuning o the circuits and the anti-stray qualities of the system will be increased.

(7) The provision of a galvanometric type: selector in a form as hereinbefore indicated by way of preference presents likewise a cer-, tain number of advantages:

(a) In a device or instrument of this sort, the retractile couple tending to cause restoration to the position of equilibrium is governed by the amplitude or intensity of the field. Hence, the natural period can be adjusted to the desired value by acting simultaneously upon the intensity of the three fields, that is to say, practically by acting 'upon the excitation of ing these fields;

(b) The'damping of the moving'system the alternator producmay also be regulated by cutting more or less large resistance in serles or in parallel with the field windings. And these resistances, as to the rest, will not affect the high supply frequency of the windings if care be taken so as to shunt them by a condenser.

when they are connected in series, or to protect them by a choke-coil when they are coning this device to make the short-circuited turns of highly conducting material and as light as feasible (for instance, of aluminum),

and to choose the wire forming the turns of such a cross-sectional area that at the frequency used, the current induced in each turn will be preferably phase-displaced by an angle of 45 degrees with reference to the induced E. M. F. In the presence of this phase value, the natural periodwill beof a minimum amount. If the said value be exceeded, the inertia is raised too high, while when going below it, the torque is diminished unduly. For the reasons hereinbefore given, it is furthermore desirable to feed the galvanometer with a frequency of several thousand cycles per second, for the higher this fre-- quency, the smaller may the inertia of the mobile system be made.

(8) Synchronism or correction of synchronism may be insured very easily. Inasmuch as the emission of each letter or character takes always the same length of time and recurs at regular intervals, this may be used as fiducial or datum points for insuring synchronism. For instance, if the incoming current is detected by the aid of a triode tube,

then, if the rate of sending is 600 words per minute, there is created a current of a frequency around 50 cycles per second, and

this current after amplification could be used for synchronizing the mobile means of the receiver, for instance, by driving the same by means of a direct current motor furnished also with rings.

' (9) It is possible to follow up letter by letter the transmission of each tape by disposing in the light-ray paths beyond the rotating mirror optical systems adapted to see or observe the letters that are imprinted without incidentally interfering with the printing, as is to be understood. This property is very important from the viewpoint of service.

( 10) Instead of providing at the receiving I end, say, twelve narrow tape of photographic paper corresponding to a distributer comprising 12 contacts, it would also be possible to have recourse to a single wide band subject only to a slow movement of translation, say, travelling two centimeters per second for a rate of sending speed of 600 words per minute. Under these conditions, i. e., when working with a single band subject to a low speed of travel, it will be possible to provide simple automatic means of reduced volume. The wide band, as to the rest, could have perforations so as to separate it into several separate narrow tapes or strips though it could also be out up by cutting wheels when leaving the drier.

The invention will be better understood as regards its operation by reference to the accompanying drawings showing exemplifications of the invention.

Fig. 1 shows an assembly view of the sending equipment, with the electric circuits and the grouping of different elements, and details of some of the latter;

Fig. 2 shows the same things for the receiving end;

Figs. 3, 3a, 3b and 30 show details of-the photographic recorders; and,

Fig. 4 shows details of the galvanometrlc type-selector apparatus.

I Transmitter assembly (Fig. 1) The perforated paper tape (1) conveyed and fed forward from the stock or from the perforator apparatus, is engaged between catch cylinder (2) and the presser rolls (3) subject to a uniform rotational movement nected with eight audio-frequency alternators of' group A, and twelve with twelve audio-frequency alternators of group B.

These two groups of alternators supply the twenty different sending frequencies, and they are simultaneously driven by a single motor M of constant speed. At the delivery or outlet end of the distributor apparatus, the paper tape (1) is engaged between the claw cylinder (9) and thepresser rolls (10),

and then it is gathered tobe incorporated in the records or else it is returned through the same or through another one of the twelve similar distributor apparatus corresponding to the twelve operators.

Cylinder 9 moves through a circular are equal to the length of tape corresponding to a letter or sign by means of a ratchet (11), for instance, gearing or meshing with a pawl (12) driven by the slender rod 13.) actuated by a lever (14) which in turn is perated by the rod of the plate (8) when the latter reascends under the action of the spring (15) as soon as the magnetic keeper (16) being integral with theplate (8) is relaxed by the electro-magnet (17) whose feed currentsupplied from a source (18) is interrupted under the brush (19) by the rotation of the control distributor (20) driven by a constant-speed motor (21) simultaneousl and synchronously with the sending distri utor (22).

It will be understood that any other means adapted to insure the forward feed simultaneously of the tape such as a Maltese cross, gears, springs, cams, etc. may be employed to carryinto efi'ect solutions equivalent to the arran ement hereinbefore described and there ore falling inside the scope and spirit of this invention.

Upon the control distributor (20) are disposed contacts which are staggered or displaced helicoidally and are larger than those corresponding to the sending distributor (22) in order that the closing or opening in connection with the sending of each letter or sign may be effected by the latter when the plate (8) is still keeping the tape applied against the selector (11).

II. Receiver outfit (Fig.

(1) Electric key diagram.-The incoming signal by way of the transformer (21) is fed to the circuit (22) in which is included a series of polarizer cells (23), whose positive poles are connected with the filament lead and then grounded at T, while their negative poles are connected with the grid lead.

Atl 2, 3,.. 8andat9, 10,11, 12 20 are indicated the resonant selectors. Details of these selectors are shown in connection with selector 8. It comprises the relays (24) as well as a damping resistance (25) inserted in the circuit, and which may be cut out or in at will by means of a switch (26).

The circuits 1 to 8 constitute the group A1 corresponding to the frequencies of group A of the alternators in the transmitter equipment (Fig. 1) circuits 9 to 20 form the group B1 corresponding to the group B of the alternators in the transmitter apparatus. Each relay of group A controls an element of transformer T1 whose middle (27) is connected. through a damping circuit (28) with the input end of the exciting coil (29) of the selector galvanometer, the output end being grounded. r

The two halves, one positive and the other one negative of the secondary of. the transformer hereinbefore mentioned correspond to the displacement left and fright of the mobile system of the galvanometer in reference to and out'of the balance position. The same thing holds true of the connections of the group B of the transformer T2 and the vertical exciting coil, orthogonal to the former, of the galvanometer. 4 Q

The primaries of the transformers T1 and T2 are fed from an-alternating current source (33) which feeds .also through a damper (34) the directional coil (35).

At (36) is provided'a set comprising a tube '37 and a transformer 38 adapted to' pick up the fiducial signals of each letter or sign which could be used for synchronizing the rotating-mirrors as shall be shown later.

(2) Moving system and optical recording system.T he moving system shown in Figs. 3, 3a, etc. consists of two metallic circles or rings (1) and (2) of very low weight disposed. orthogonally and being truncated below, though held rigidly by circular or curved pieces (3). Two rigid very light rods (4) support the transparent film (5) upon which are impressed microphotographically letters, s gns, ciphers, etc., separated by a dark cross (6). The moving system is suspended by means of a picot (7 upon a bearing (8) fixed to a support (9), and its center of gravity is located below the pivoting point.

I At its lower part the said bearing (8) carried a total reflecting prism (10) receiving the enlarged mage of a letter of the film illuminated, for instance, by a light source (11) whose rays are reflected by a mirror (12) and concentrated by-an optical assembly (13), and projecting it upon a lens (14) which in turn maintains it in parallel rays.

(15), through the window (16) and mobile slits (17) as far as the revolving mirrors such as (18) which reflect them upon the conjugate lens (19) which in, turn concentrates the image received at (20) upon sensitized paper (21) on the desired scale.

Photographic paper (21) is subject to a uniform displacement by the aid-of a convenient motor (22) having as constant a.-

speed as possible.

.The shaft (23) carrying at the end of arms such as (24) twelve mirrors having an angle of inclination of degrees with reference.

to the plane of rotation and symmetrically arranged along the helix of revolution is driven by a motor (25) at a regular speed and is maintained in synchronism by any suitable synchronizing means (26) and ('27) fed from the receiver (pick-up) (36) Fig. 2.

In order to prevent protraction (drag or lag) of the luminous pencil projected by the revolving mirror upon the sensitized paper which would make the image or outline of.

the letters or signs less sharp, recourse may be had to a high-speed shutter as in photographic apparatus e'ther operated electrically or mechanically, though in synchronism with the general movement. The light source could also consist of electric sparks which are caused to flash up at the exact in-- stant of coincidence of the axis of the image a Inductor system (Fig. .4).-The inductor system comprises two concentric orthogonalcoils 32 and 29 the winding of which is spaced apart below as indicated at 43 so as to allow of. the passage of light rays 44 to the-moving system. -Th'ese two coils set up two exciting fields corresponding .in (lividually' to groups A1 and B1 of transformers T1 and T2, Fig. 2.

A third fixed ,coil 35 disposed perpendicularly to the former two windings furnishes the directional field. Its winding is spaced apart at 46, just as at 43 for the others, so as to allow of the passage of the iiuminous pencil from the fixed pr1sm'(10),

It will be understood that, in order to insure the passage of the light rays through the windings of the source in the direction of the moving system and thence to the re cording means, recourse may be had to any other optical means, or else each winding could be divided into two spaced a little dis tance apart so as to provide suflicient spacefor the passage ofthe luminous pencil.

After having thus described a particular embodiment of the invention, it will be understood that there are a great number of other solutions conceivable. For instance, at the transmitting end it is not necessary to proceed by way of or workwith a perforated the distributor, magnetized wires would-then be passed.

The galvanometric. type .selector which forms an essential part of the system could also be constructed indifferent ways. For instance, theifixed directional field could be orientated in a sense other than the vertical.

It could also be constructed in the form of direct current apparatus, the mobile'part being constituted by a coilto which a fixed direct current is supplied, or else, more simply, by a small magnetized bar. As a matter of fact, in an instrument of this kind the mobile system -would always orientate itself along the resultant of the induced field (comass 7 7 p It could alsobe designed like an ammeter with two mobile-orthogonal coils subject to permanent perpendicular fields, the currents of each ofthe coils being controlled in this case by the relays of the groups A and B.

Instead of using a luminous ray pencil passing through a transparent film, it would also be possible to utilize light reflected from an opaque film.

The luminous pencil having traversed the film could be divided into several parallel rays corresponding to the difl'erent ta s. by

10 other methods and means than herein efore suggested by way of example.

It could also be thou ht'to raise the speed of transmission beyon the limitations imposed by the inertia of the galvanometer and the sensitiveness of the photographic paper.

One solution in this direction would consist in providing at the receiving end two identical and complete outfits, and to insure commutation or chan 'ng-over in such a way that the first tape will be conveyed to the first outfit, the second towards the, second, the third again to the first outfit, and so on. From Fig. 2 it can be seen that the line current excites the grids of twenty tubes corresponding to the twenty selective circuits. Hence, in order to insure commutation or changing-over to another outfit terminating likewise in twenty tubes, all that would berequired is to polarize negatively the grids of the first twenty tubes,

when it is desired to change over to the second set of twenty tubes; and, inversely, polarize negatively the grids of the second set of twenty tubes when it is desired to go back to the first set. This condition can be readily insured by applying in series to the id circuits, by means of a transformer, for instance, an alternating current potential being preferably of rectangular form.-. A potential having such a wave-shape could be easily 0b 4 tamed from a small alternator furnished with a special kind of teeth so as to'produce directly the desired harmonics or else by two or three alternators disposed in series and resulting respectivel in the fundamental wave and overtones of esired proportions. These alternators, as will be understood. wouldhave to be driven in synchronism with other revolving parts of the highfspeed telegraph system.

Another solution ada ted to increase the speed of trailic is as fol ows:

Ifthere are rovided both at the sendin and the receiving. ends two identical an complete equipments, they could be 0 ated simultaneously by transposing all of th a e frequencies of one thereof. For instance, if i which the symbol to has been completed, the frequency range or spectrum is restored to the original limits, and the second eikuip ent is 0 rated indendently of the rst. It will noted that y proceeding in a way as stated, there are generally on the line four frequencies simultaneously, two in the first spectrum 500-2000 and two in the other 3000-4500.

nerator of It must finally be noted that when recourse is had to this solution it would also be possible to replace the transmission of the first equ pment inside the'range of'frequencies between I 500 and 2000 by an ordinary telephone transmission so that there are passe simultaneously over one and the same line or over the same radio circuit a telephonic communication and high-speed telegraph transmissions.

The same solution likewise furnishes according to the disclosure of the present invention'a method of secret transmission. For this purpose there are changed simultaneousl the frequency transpositions at the sen 'ng and at the receiving end b modifying synchronously the regulation o the local generators that are used. For this purpose, recourse may be had to advantage to the synchronizin ends of t e transmission, for example by means of mechanical control means suc as cams, and the like thereb modif ng periodically and sync nou y one o the eledevice-existing between the two ments governing the frequency of the local generators. While we have shown only one embodiment of carrying out our invention m the fore oing drawings, it is 08I1bl80f various modifications therefrom 'withoutde arting from the spirit thereof and it is desir therefore that only such limitations shall be imposed thereon as are required by the prior art .or indicated by the appended cla ms.

We claim: v v 1. In a printin telegraphy system in be transmitted comprises the superposition of a plurality of frequencies, a receiving station including a series of resonant selector devices eachthereof beingsingly. responsive to one of the ndividual transmitter frequencies, a galvanometric selector, an excitin coil therefor and means controlled by sai incoming s gnals for connecting said coil to-a source of constant potential, said alvanometric selector comprising means a apted to be energized by said resonant selector devices, a transparent film carrying opaque characters operatively associated with said galvanometric selector and means controlled by said selector upon re- .ceipt of an incom'ng signal for displacing said film in accordance with the signal, a recording device and means controlled therebyvfor recording the particular signal transmitted.

2. In a printing telegraphy system means for transmitting a signal character formed from a plurality of simultaneously emitted frequencies and means for transmitting a synchronizing frequency, a pluralitv of resonant receiving circuits each being singly responsive to one of the individual transmitted frequencies, a selector device adapted to oscillate simultaneously about several axes of rotation, a film having corresponding s'gnal characters impressed-thereon associated with said selector, a luminous pencil, means controlled by said plurality of transmitted frequenc es for displacing said film so as to lace a portlon thereof corresponding to the transmitted signal character in the path of said luminous pencil, means controlled therebv for recording the particular signal character transmitted, means for'rece'ving the synchronizing frequency and means controlled thereby for operating said recording apparatus in synchronism with the transmitting apparatus.

3. In a printing telegraph system, means for transmitting a signal character formed from a plurality of simultaneously emitted frequencies, a plurality of resonant receiving circults each being singly responsive to one of the individual transmitted frequencies, a selector device adapted to oscillate simultane ously about several axes of rotation, a film havlng correspond'ng signal characters impressed thereon associated with said selector, a luminous pencil, meanscontrolled by said plurality of transmitted frequencies for displacing sad film so as to place a portion thereof corresponding to the transmitted signal character in the path of said luminous pencil and means controlled thereby for photographing the particular character'transmitted upon a photographic film.

4. An ultra rapid telegraphy method including the steps of converting each sign or impulse to be transmitted into energy impulses representative of the superposition of several simple characteristic frequencies sent out simultaneously, each of said freguencies'belonging to a separate lgroup of requencies and transmitting s'ai energy impulses.

5. A rapid telegraphy method which includes the steps of converting each sign or impulse to be transmitted into energy impulses obtained by the su erposition of several simple characteristic requencies sent out simultaneously,-each of said frequencies pertaining to a separate group of frequencies, the frequencies of each group increasing pro gressively in anarithmetic series and transmitting said energy impulses.

6. A'method, as claimed in claim 5, including'the steps of receiving said impulses and separately resonating the frequencies in the roups..

7. A method, as claimed in claim 4, including the step of receiving said impulses, resonating energy at the frequencies in each group of frequencies, setting up a magnetic field representative of the-resultant of the resonated energy and producing indications representative of said field.

8. In a transmitter'for high speed telegraphylby means of a perforated tape, a plurality of contacts, means for connecting each of said contacts with an alternator supplying a distinct frequency for each contact, means for passing the perforated tape ad jacent said contacts, a single transmission line, a resiliently mounted contact plate located adjacent said tape and a distributor connecting said plate to said transmission line.

9. An arrangement, as claimed in claim 8, including intermittent means for causing said plate to move said tape against the contacts of the transmitter and automatic means to control the movement of said plate.

10. Keying apparatus for a transmitter system including a plurality of contacts, each adapted to be connected in a separate circuit, and a perforated tape adapted to be moved adjacent said contacts, means for closing said circuits including a movable plate, magnetic means for moving said plate in a direction perpendicular to the line of travel of. said tape and means for controlling the movement of said tape.

11. A telegraphy system for transmitting signal impulses, each composed of a plurality of superimposed frequencies, each frequency belonging to one of a pair of groups of frequencies, comprising a plurality of assemblies, common alternators for supplying transmission frequencies to all of the assemblies, a plurality of contacts in each assembly connected to said alternator, keying, means including a perforated tape for each assembly and means for passing said tape past said contacts and a plate for moving said tape in contact-with saidcontacts, a signal transmission line and an interrupter adapted to connect in sequence the movable plates of each assembly to the transmission line.

12. An arrangement, as claimed in claim 11, including magnetic means for actuating the plates to move thetapes against the'contacts and in which said tape feeding means comprises a pawl and ratchet actuated by the motion of said plate to feed forward the tapes by equal steps orstages, and in whichfthe rotary interrupter in the form of a distributer unites in turn and sequence to the line each of the plates corresponding to the. individual telegraph assemblies, whereby the linetransmits' successively a signal of each band in such a way that between two consecutive signals of a tape there is transmitted a signal of another tape. a

13. Multiplex telegraph system comprising transmitters, tapes, ratchet devices for feedbi e plates or pushing the tapes against the transmitters, the movements of the mobile plates being combined with the ratchet devices feeding the tapes forward by equal steps, common alternators supplying the transmission frequencies to all of the assemblies, each one of which-transmits the signals of one tape, a rotary interrupter in the form of a distributer uniting in turn and sequence with the line each of the mobile plates or disks corresponding to the individual telegraph assemblies and conducting the signal currents, the line transmitting thus successively a signal of each tape in such a way' that between two consecutive signals of a tape there is transmitted a signal of each of the other tapes, and a rotary distributer revolving in, synchronism with the preceding distributer and exciting in turn and sequence the electromagnets of the plates of the individual assemblies. v

14. Apparatus for receiving telegraphy signals composed of a series of impulses, each consisting of superimposed alternating currents of different frequencies including a plurality of groups of signal resonate relays, a tapped inductance, a galvanometer including an exciter coil, a connection between the midpoint of said inductance and said exciter coil and a connection between each of said relays and a tap on said inductance.

15. An arrangement, as'claimed in claim 14, in which the relays are divided into two groups, the relays of each group being connected to points on different portions of the tapped inductance connected with the exciter coil, the portions of said winding form ing the secondary windings of'transformers whose primary windings are-fed from an alwhich supplies at thesame time the exciter coil of the said galvanometer.

17. In a system of telegraphic transmising said ta es to said transmitters, and mo-.

sion wherein the signals transmitted at regular intervals are constituted by the superposition of several characteristic frequencies sent out simultaneously, means for receiving said signal impulses, means for detecting said received impulses to obtainalternating components of the detected current, of a frequency equal to that of the signals, and utilizing this current for synchronizing the receiving means with the signal transmitting means.

18. A system, as. claimed in claim 14 wherein the tuned relays under the action of currents of suitable frequency cause the C105. ing of circuits producing dis lacement of the moving system of the trans ator'galvanometer comprising as its stator three orthogonal concentric coils, two of which furnish exciting fields, and the third the directivefield, and as the rotor two orthogonal short circuited spires or turns of such a section that at the feed frequency of the galvanometer the phase angle between the current and the electromotive. force induced in each spire amounts to approximately 45 degrees, the assembly being controlled by alternating current.

19. A system, as claimed in claim 14,'

wherein the galvanometer includes a stator having three orthogonal concentric coils, two

of which furnish the exciting fields and the third the directive field, and a rotor having two short-circuited orthogonal turns, the as- .sembly bein driven by alternating current,

the said ga vanometer supporting the; film upon which are disposed the characters, and in which the relaysare tuned and are actuated by signal currents of suitable frequency to complete circuits cau'singdisplacement of the mobile system of the translator galvanometer.

'20; Device for recording, by means of a luminous ray and a photographic band, s1

nals coming in at regular mtervals, eacf.

thereof constituted by the superposition 0 several characteristic frequencies and successively pertaining to another messa e,co mprising means actuated by the plck -up slgnals for displacing the luminous-ray pencil impressing the photographic band .perpen dicularly to the lines of printed messages.

21. Device for recording signals coming in at regular intervals, each constituted by the superposition of several characterlstlc frequencies and pertaining successively each to another message, comprising a light ray, and a photographic band, a system of mirrors disposed along a helix around an axis or spindle whose rotation is synchronized by the transmission signals, these mirrors reflecting the light-ray pencil before it impresses or acts upon the band in such a way that it is displaced perpendicularly to the lines of printed messages.

. A method of recordingsignals pro- XIJ ' messages, means for restoring transposed fre- -line successively non-transposed and trans-,

duced by the superposition of several characteristic frequencies by means of a photographic band and a movable film having signal symbols thereon and ortions intended to preclude the passage 0 li ht including the step of passing said pencil ray of light through said film and on to said band and moving said film in a manner characteristic of the signalto be recorded.

- 23. Means for recording signals composed of a plurality of simple frequencies superimposed to obtain a compound frequency characteristic of a signalcharacter including a source of light, a galvanometer having a fixed system adapted to be energized by the signal frequencies and a movable system mounted therein, a film carried by said movable system and located in the path of said light, said film comprising symbols representative of the characters in the signals to be transmitted and a black band adapted to be in the path of said ray when the film'is at rest, and a photographic band, said film being interposed-between said band and said light source.

24. In a transmission system adapted to transmit signals by means of currentv impulses, each composed of superimposed frequencies, the combination of means for transosing to use frequencies, 'means for sendmg successively non-transposed .and transposed frequencies, means for receiving said frequencies, means to restore the transposed frequencies, and a plurality of independent receivers, each reporting a distinct message.

25. In apparatus for signalling, in accordance with the method set forth in claim 4,

the combination of, means for transposing the used frequencies, means of sending in line successively non-transposed messages constituted by the voice and transposed messa es, means for the restoration of transposed reqi'iencles upon arrival, and several independent and identical receivers recording each one messa e. a

26. n apparatus for signalling, in accordance withthe method set forth in claim 4, the combination of, means for transposing the used frequenc es, means for sending in line successively non-transposed and transposed quencies upon arrival, and several independent and identical receivers recording each one message, means being provided at the sending and the receiving end to vary the transposition simultaneously and synchronously. f

27. In apparatus for signalling, in accordance with the method set forth in claim 4, the combination of, means for transposition of used frequencies, means for sending in posed "messages, means for restoring transposed frequencles at arrlval, and severalindependent and ldentical receivers recording eachgone message, means controlled by the synchronizing device provided at the sending and the receiving ends or outfits, adapted to vary the transposition simultaneously and in ynchronism.

An ultra. rapid telegraphy method including the steps of converting each symbol or impulse to be transmitted into energy impulses representative of the superposition of several characteristic frequencies sent out simultaneously, each of said frequencies belonging to a separate group of frequencies, transmitting said energy'impulses, receiving said impulses, resonating signal energy repre-' sentative of each signal lm'pulse received, and producing indications representative of the resonated signal energy.

29. A rapid telegraphy method which includes the steps of converting each signal or impulse to be transmitted into energy impulses obtained by the superposition of sevsimple characteristic frequencies, each of the frequencies. belonging to aseparate group of frequencies, having, in combination, a plurality of relays each tuned to one of the frequencies in the signal impulses, a galvanometer including a fixed system and a moving system, a plurality of energizing circuits, each including a switch connected with the fixed system of said galvanometer, and means connecting each of said relays to the switch in one of said energizing circuits.

31. An ultra rapid telegraph system of the type adapted to convert individual impulses to be transmitted into energy impulses representative of the superposition of several simple characteristic frequencies, each of the frequencies belonging to a separate group of frequencies, having, in .combination, a plurality of relays each tuned to one of the superimposed frequencies, a-.translating galvanometer having a movable system comprising two short circuited orthogonal spires, and a fixed system comprising tliree concentric orthogonal coils, of which two furnish the exciting fields and a thirdthe directive field, energizing circuits for said fixed system and means actuated by said relays for closing said energizing circuits.

' HENRI CHIREIX.

HUGUES GOUDET. 

